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Which are some major Formal Methods ?

Dines Bjørner
CSE: Computer Science and Engineering
IMM: Informatics and Mathematical Modelling
Building 322, Richard Petersens Plads
DTU: Technical University of Denmark
DK-2800 Kgs.Lyngby, Denmark
E-Mail: db@imm.dtu.dk, URL: www.imm.dtu.dk/ db

June 14, 2003

This page is presently under construction

The list:

  1. ASM: Abstract-State Machines
  2. Action Systems: A refinement calculus for parallel and reactive systems
  3. B France, or B UK - for Bourbaki
  4. CafeOBJ: A rewrite logic and hidden algebra OBJ-like specification and programming language
  5. CASL: Common Algebraic Specification Language
  6. Coq: A proof assistant. Coq, as a project, has been dissolved, 2000. Now see LOGICAL
  7. CSP: Communicating Sequential Processes
  8. Duration Calculi: A continuous time interval temporal logic
  9. Esterel: Synchronous teactive programming
  10. HOL: Higher Order Logic
  11. HyTech: Hybrid Technology -- an automatic tool for the analysis of embedded systems
  12. Isabelle: A generic theorem proving environment
  13. Interval Temporal Logic
  14. Linear Temporal Logic
  15. LSCs: , and Live Sequence Charts
  16. LOGICAL: Logic and computing
  17. Maude: Algebraic semantics based equational and rewriting logic specification and programming language
  18. MSCs: , and Message Sequence Charts, or even this !
  19. Model-checking @ CMU
  20. Nqthm: The Boyer-Moore prover
  21. nuprl: A proof & program refinment logic.
  22. Petri Nets
  23. Pi-Calculus: Calculi for Mobile Processes
  24. PVS: Prototype Verification System
  25. Refinement Calculus
  26. RAISE: Rigorous Approach to Industrial Software Engineering
  27. REACT: The specification, verification and synthesis of concurrent, reactive, real-time and hybrid systems.
    See also STeP: Stanford Temporal Prover.
  28. SpecWare
  29. SPIN: On-the-fly Linear Temporal Logic Model Checking
  30. Statecharts
  31. TLA / TLA+ Temporal Logic of Actions
  32. UNITY: A programming notation and a logic to reason about parallel and distributed programs.
  33. UppAal: An integrated tool environment for modeling, validation and verification of real-time systems
  34. VDM: Vienna Development Method
  35. Z - for Zermelo

For a list of people closely associated with each of the above methods, please see:

See some related Formal Methods pages:

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Which are some major Formal Methods ?

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